#Anvil ear part skin

#Anvil ear part skin

This part of the ear is lined with only a few layers of skin and fine hair, with many veins traveling all around it. The ear canal, also called the external auditory meatus, is the other important outer ear landmark.

The pinna, with its grooves and ridges, provides a natural volume boost for sounds in the 2000 to 3000 Hz frequency range, where we perceive many consonant sounds of speech. The part of the outer ear that we see is called the pinna, or auricle. These electrical impulses are transmitted to the auditory nerve and up to the brain, where they are interpreted as sound.The hair cells change the movement into electrical impulses. The movement of the fluid in the inner ear causes the hair cells in the cochlea to bend.The motion of the three bones causes the fluid in the inner ear, or cochlea, to move.The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, which sets the three tiny bones in the middle ear into motion.The sound waves are gathered by the outer ear and sent down the ear canal to the eardrum. Sound is transmitted through the air as sound waves from the environment.And the stapedius muscle, which normally stabilizes the stapes, can become weakened due to damage as well. The tensor timpani muscle normally dampens loud sounds, and its function can be impaired when it's damaged. Hyperacusis: Resulting from infection or trauma, hypersensitivity to noises can occur when certain muscles in the inner ear become damaged.Injuries may cause ossicular chain discontinuity, either directly or as a result of subsequent inflammation in the middle ear. Trauma: Head trauma can lead to an injury, such as a skull fracture.Congenital malformation: Birth defects can include abnormalities such as malformation or absence of one or more of the ossicles, potentially with ossicular chain discontinuity.If untreated-and depending on their location-they may enlarge and impact the ossicles, affecting their function and leading to hearing loss. Cholesteatoma: Cholesteatomas are noncancerous growths in the middle ear.Most often, this causes the base of the stapes to become affixed to the oval window, preventing the transmission of sound vibrations. Otosclerosis: This abnormal growth of tissue in the middle ear can severely impact the mobility of the ossicles, leading to hearing loss.COM can cause erosion of the malleus, which can spread an infection to the meninges, the protective covering surrounding the brain. This leads to damage of the ossicles over the long-term. Chronic otitis media (COM): Middle ear infections can frequently recur or might not resolve.These are then transmitted to the brain through the vestibulocochlear nerve. The motion of the stapes produces tiny waves, which are picked up by the receptor cells, essentially converting mechanical information into electrical signals. Beyond it is the cochlea, a fluid-filled structure that’s shaped like a snail and has thousands of receptor cells. Beyond the oval window: After the vibrations pass through the ossicles, they cause the oval window to move.In this way, these bones act as a kind of amplifier of sound. Amplification: The base of the stapes attached to the oval window is much smaller than the eardrum, and the force of the vibrations is increased.When the malleus picks up the movement, it vibrates, leading to the vibration of the other ossicles too. Transmission: The malleus is attached to the eardrum, and to the other ossicles in a chain-like sequence.

Vibration of the eardrum: Soundwaves enter the external acoustic meatus (ear canal), and are channeled to the eardrum, causing it to vibrate.